| الملخص | A detailed geological survey has been carried out for an area of about 1920 Km2 with accuracy of 1:25000. It is located within the northwestern part of southern desert within Al-Najaf governorate, 75 Km to the south and southwest of Al-Najaf city. Geologically the exposed strata of Eocene to Pleistocene have regional dip towards north east. In this work new data have been added to the mapped area. Structurally, the absence of all faults mentioned in the previous works of Al-Mubarak, 1983 is because of the absenting of any repetition and changes in the stratigraphic sequences within the mapped area. Several types of geomorphologic units are developed in the mapped area, they are: Units of denudational origin, units of fluvial origin, forms of solution, and geodynamical processes.
Eight basic sections and Fifty two samples have been collected from selected sections in the project area for chemical analysis to determine the main constituents. Seventy three sample and fifty eight sample for Paleontology and Petrography respectively in addition to twelve samples for XRD to determine the clay and non-clay minerals.
Five formations are exposed in the project area, these are, Dammam, Euphrates, Ghar-Euphrates, Nfayil and Zahra formations, beside various types of Quaternary sediments. In this study new data has been added to the mapped area, among them, the absence of the previously mentioned several units of the Dammam formation and delineate more precisely the geographic distribution of Dammam, Euphrates, Ghar-Euphrates, and Nfayil formations depending on stratigraphic sequence and Paleontologic studies. The present study proved that the environment in study area is same as Al-Hashimi (1973) and Al-Mubarak (1983).
The facies, fossils and depositional environments of formations are differentiated petrographically in addition to the texture of the rocks and diagenetic changes. The most important economic materials in the studied area are limestone and dolomitic limestone in addition to the sediments accumulation of mixed sand and gravels along valleys. The present study proved that the environment in study area is same as Al-Hashimi (1973) and Al-Mubarak (1983). | |
