| الملخص | Samarra Quadrangle is located within the unstable shelf, the northern part of it is located mainly within the foothill zone, other part belongs to Mesopotamian plain. About 75 % of the Quadrangle is covered by Quaternary deposits. The old geological outcrops in the area belong to the Tertiary age (Middle Miocene and Pliocene) represent Fatha, Injana, Mukdadiah and Bai Hassan Formations. From the topographic point of view there are different features of topography such as mountains, hills, basins, and depressions. Different units of geomorphology can be distinguished within the area.
The climate of the area is under the conditions of arid and semi arid regions which are characterized by cold winter with law rain fall and hot dry summer. Injana, Mukdadiah , Bai Hassan Formations represent the main aquifers within the area, in addition to the Quaternary deposits at different localities .
The general ground water flow is from North towards South. It is mainly from Northeast towards Southwest at the Eastern part and from Northwest towards Southeast at the Western part of the Quadrangle. Ground water quality is mainly sulphatic with chloridic and bicorbonatic water at some localities. The ground water is classified according to salinity into five classes: fresh water, slightly brachish water brackish water (two subclasses) and salty water.
Mostly ground water in the area is not suitable for human drinking, but it is mostly suitable for stock except some wells of high salinity. Most water can be used for irrigation according to Iraqi experiment. Water from different wells can be used for industrial and building purposes. | |
